AWS Cloud Competency Self-Assessment

1. How would you design a high-availability architecture for a web application in AWS? (Expert)

A) Use Amazon S3 for static content and deploy EC2 instances across multiple Availability Zones with Elastic Load Balancing. B) Deploy EC2 instances in a single Availability Zone with Auto Scaling and use Amazon RDS for database. C) Use AWS Lambda and API Gateway with DynamoDB for a serverless architecture. D) Use Amazon EC2 instances with EBS volumes in a single region with manual failover mechanisms.

2. What is the best practice for securing sensitive data at rest in AWS? (Expert)

A) Use AWS KMS to encrypt data stored in Amazon S3 and EBS. B) Implement encryption using third-party tools and store keys in a secure location. C) Use IAM roles to control access to encrypted data. D) Rely on AWS’s default encryption settings for S3 and RDS.

3. How do you handle data backup and disaster recovery in AWS? (Expert)

A) Use Amazon RDS automated backups and AWS Backup for EC2 and EBS volumes. B) Implement manual snapshots and store them in S3 with versioning. C) Use AWS CloudFormation templates for infrastructure backup. D) Create custom scripts to periodically copy data to a different region.

4. What is the appropriate method for scaling an application on AWS? (Expert)

A) Use Auto Scaling groups with EC2 instances and Elastic Load Balancing. B) Manually provision additional EC2 instances as needed. C) Use AWS Lambda for scaling serverless applications. D) Rely on Amazon CloudFront for scaling content delivery.

5. How would you manage IAM roles and permissions effectively? (Expert)

A) Implement least privilege access with specific policies for IAM roles. B) Use IAM groups to assign permissions to multiple users. C) Regularly review and audit IAM roles and policies for compliance. D) Use AWS Organizations to manage permissions across accounts.

6. What considerations should be taken when deploying a multi-region AWS architecture? (Medium)

A) Ensure that data is replicated across regions and complies with data residency requirements. B) Use Route 53 for DNS management and latency-based routing. C) Implement cross-region VPC peering for secure communication. D) Manually manage failover between regions.

7. How would you optimize the cost of AWS resources for a high-traffic application? (Medium)

A) Use Reserved Instances and Savings Plans for long-term cost savings. B) Monitor usage with AWS Cost Explorer and adjust resource allocation accordingly. C) Implement Auto Scaling to match capacity with demand. D) Use Spot Instances for non-critical workloads.

8. What are the best practices for logging and monitoring in AWS? (Medium)

A) Use Amazon CloudWatch for real-time monitoring and setting up alarms. B) Implement AWS CloudTrail for auditing API calls and changes. C) Aggregate logs to Amazon S3 and analyze them with Amazon Athena. D) Use third-party tools for comprehensive monitoring.

9. What is the recommended approach for deploying a secure API on AWS? (Medium)

A) Use Amazon API Gateway with Lambda integration and enable WAF for protection. B) Deploy APIs on EC2 with custom security configurations. C) Implement API Gateway with custom authorizers and use IAM roles for access control. D) Use AWS Shield for DDoS protection and deploy APIs using Elastic Beanstalk.

10. How would you handle deployment and configuration management in a CI/CD pipeline on AWS? (Medium)

A) Use AWS CodePipeline and CodeDeploy for automated deployments and configurations. B) Implement Jenkins for CI/CD and store configurations in S3. C) Use AWS CloudFormation for infrastructure as code and deployments. D) Manage configurations manually with AWS Management Console.

11. What is the role of Amazon VPC in securing your AWS infrastructure? (Medium)

A) Use VPC security groups to control inbound and outbound traffic. B) Implement Network ACLs for additional traffic control and security. C) Deploy private subnets and use NAT gateways for outbound internet access. D) Utilize VPC Peering for secure inter-VPC communications.

12. How do you manage stateful and stateless applications in AWS? (Medium)

A) Use Elastic Load Balancers for stateless applications and Amazon RDS for stateful data. B) Deploy stateful applications on EC2 with attached EBS volumes. C) Use AWS Lambda for stateless applications and DynamoDB for stateful data. D) Utilize S3 for stateful storage and deploy stateless applications on ECS.

13. What are the considerations for deploying a global application on AWS? (Expert)

A) Use Amazon CloudFront for content delivery and Route 53 for DNS management. B) Deploy applications in multiple regions and use Elastic Load Balancing. C) Implement cross-region replication for databases and storage. D) Configure VPNs between regions for secure communications.

14. How would you implement encryption for data in transit in AWS? (Medium)

A) Use HTTPS with SSL/TLS for web applications and API endpoints. B) Implement VPN connections for secure network communications. C) Use AWS PrivateLink for secure access to services. D) Use AWS Key Management Service (KMS) for encryption of data in transit.

15. What are the key considerations for AWS cost optimization? (Medium)

A) Analyze cost and usage reports using AWS Cost Explorer. B) Use AWS Trusted Advisor for cost optimization recommendations. C) Implement Reserved Instances and Savings Plans for predictable workloads. D) Regularly review and adjust resource allocation based on usage patterns.

16. How do you manage application deployments and updates in AWS? (Medium)

A) Use AWS CodePipeline and CodeDeploy for continuous integration and deployment. B) Deploy updates manually using the AWS Management Console. C) Use AWS CloudFormation for managing and deploying infrastructure changes. D) Implement Blue/Green deployment strategies for zero downtime.

17. What strategies can be used for effective API management in AWS? (Medium)

A) Use Amazon API Gateway for managing and monitoring APIs. B) Implement throttling and rate limiting to control API usage. C) Use AWS AppSync for GraphQL APIs and real-time data synchronization. D) Deploy APIs using AWS Elastic Beanstalk with custom configurations.

18. How do you handle database migrations in AWS? (Medium)

A) Use AWS Database Migration Service (DMS) for seamless data migration. B) Manually export and import data using SQL dump files. C) Implement AWS Schema Conversion Tool (SCT) for schema migration. D) Use Data Pipeline for complex data processing and migration tasks.

19. What are the key features of Amazon Aurora that make it suitable for high-performance databases? (Expert)

A) Aurora automatically replicates data across multiple Availability Zones. B) Aurora provides up to 15 read replicas for scaling read operations. C) Aurora offers continuous backup to Amazon S3 and point-in-time recovery. D) Aurora integrates with Amazon Redshift for data warehousing.

20. How would you approach troubleshooting a performance issue in an AWS environment? (Expert)

A) Use Amazon CloudWatch metrics to identify performance bottlenecks. B) Analyze application logs with Amazon CloudWatch Logs and AWS X-Ray. C) Check resource utilization and adjust Auto Scaling settings accordingly. D) Perform network analysis using AWS VPC Flow Logs and AWS Direct Connect.

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